英语写作实训答案-中国大学慕课

1 Describe things描写物

第1单元测试

1、The wood is so ______ that the ends of the largest branches may be bent down to within two or three feet of the earth.
    A、strong
    B、pliable
    C、thin
    D、tall

2、If you plant trees on the farm, _____ low-growing branches. Otherwise, the hens will use them as a ladder to get high enough up in the tree to sail over the fence.
    A、protect
    B、hold
    C、prune
    D、touch

3、The following few rules ___ the secret of correct book-keeping.
    A、contain
    B、keep
    C、exclude
    D、concern

4、Gregory is as ____ about visitor as he is about what he eats, befriending some and repelling others.
    A、careless
    B、finicky
    C、strict
    D、snobbery

5、We should not only eye out, but also deft on hand, otherwise this parrot will ridicule you!
    A、obnoxious
    B、arrogant
    C、lovely
    D、clever

6、The monkey was busy catching fleas on himself and biting each one carefully between his teeth. It seems he did not but welcomed them.
    A、like
    B、reject
    C、accept
    D、adore

7、Among a group of copy photos in the files, one in particular caught her eye — the picture of her in her leather jacket, leaning against the wall in Hamburg in 1981.
    A、funny
    B、new
    C、original
    D、amazing

8、I sighed in astonishment — the utter desolation depicted in that rude note was overpowering.
    A、scrawling
    B、delicate
    C、tiny
    D、large

9、The problem with almost any laptop is that it’s too big to easily ______ around.
    A、lug
    B、carry
    C、take
    D、push

10、It occurred to me that the tattoos on the back of Mr. Barr’s hands might be to _______ him how to write his name, though I never knew this for sure.
    A、ask
    B、remind
    C、warn
    D、teach

2 Describe senses & foods 感官描写、描写食物

第2单元测试

1、The city sits on a hilltop and, like the country of Chile, is _______ like a toothpick - just 2 miles wide but 40 miles long.
    A、situated
    B、looked
    C、shaped
    D、regarded

2、Sara can never forget the day she saw an Israeli soldier strike a small Palestinian boy on the head, causing blood to ____ out.
    A、shed
    B、spurt
    C、pour
    D、flow

3、All I could hear was the discreet __________ of our new air conditioner. Unnerved, I walked over to my desk and turned on my computer.
    A、hiss
    B、buzz
    C、sound
    D、bang

4、She feels her phone ________ and looks down to see a final text message from her friend: “ why don’t you check the e-mail?”
    A、hiss
    B、buzz
    C、sound
    D、move

5、While hunting in the woods, I am enjoying listening to the different sounds that the birds are making. Then, out of nowhere, I hear the sound of dead leaves ________ all around me.
    A、flying
    B、dancing
    C、rustling
    D、coming

6、Things such as nuts and raisins can be but won’t have as much of an effect on your waistband as chocolate might have.
    A、healthy
    B、yummy
    C、rich
    D、heavy

7、Due to hoarseness, I have to abandon all the fried, oily and ____ food. Meantime, I must eat more fruit and drink more water every day.
    A、salty
    B、spicy
    C、delicious
    D、sweet

8、The contrast of skin and tender meat is a big part of what makes eating roasted chicken so much fun.
    A、soft
    B、thin
    C、crispy
    D、smooth

9、You’ re supposed to lick the salty foam to arouse your senses, then savor the sweet, _____ coffee.
    A、sour
    B、bitter
    C、creamy
    D、soft

10、Perfect pasta continues to cook when added to sauce, so boil it a bit less than the package directs -- and say goodbye to , gluey noodles.
    A、doughy
    B、soft
    C、gummy
    D、sticky

3 Describe a person 描写人物

第3单元测试

1、He was quite handsome with an_________, boyish face. （light brown skin）
    A、olive-skinned
    B、dark-skinned
    C、fair
    D、freckled

2、It was an odd shade of reddish gold and, coupled with their tanned complexions and _______ eyes, made them look like young eagles. (sloping,rather than horizontal or vertical)
    A、almond-shaped
    B、triangular
    C、squinty
    D、slanted

3、The _______ curled in contempt. (For describing a part of someone's body, it is rounded and rather large)
    A、thin lips
    B、full lips
    C、pused lips
    D、pouting lips

4、Before long, a young woman appeared: short, with short ___________ and pale-blue eyes. (light brown or light yellow)
    A、brown
    B、ginger
    C、blonde
    D、golden

5、...a head of thick, ___________, wavy brown hair . (shining brightly and gently)
    A、dull
    B、greasy
    C、lustrous
    D、dry

6、She had short, __________, and she swept a lock from out of her eyes before she answered. (a fairly short hair style for women in which the hair is the same length all the way round, except for the front)
    A、layered hair
    B、bobbed hair
    C、cropped hair
    D、pony tail

7、Short and __________, he once said that he was the only senior Hong Kong official who could see eye-to-eye with the equally diminutive Deng Xiaoping. (slightly fat in a way that looks healthy and attractive)
    A、fat
    B、stout
    C、chubby
    D、overweight

8、Which of the following description does not belong to the focus “being fashionable”?
    A、She looked tall, fair, and shapely.
    B、On each of her temples her hair, of a very dark brown, was clustered in round curls, according to the fashion of those times, when neither smooth bands nor long ringlets were in vogue.
    C、Her dress, also in the mode of the day, was of purple cloth, relieved by a sort of Spanish trimming of black velvet.
    D、A gold watch (watches were not so common then as now) shone at the girdle.

9、Which version do you think needs to be more concise?
    A、The baby was one year old. Like her father, she had got red hair. Her eyes are cheeky pale blue. She was really a perky little thing.
    B、Like her father, the one-year-old baby had got red hair and cheeky pale-blue eyes. She was really a perky little thing.
    C、The baby was a perky little thing of about a year, with red hair like its father, and cheeky pale-blue eyes.
    D、The one-year-old baby was perky, with red hair like his father, and cheeky pale-blue eyes.

10、Can you find a specific verb to fill in the blank? He thrust forward and _______ her arms.
    A、caught
    B、took
    C、gripped
    D、touched

4 Describe a place and scenery 描写地方和景色

第4单元测试

1、Put the piano there, ________ the wall.
    A、beside
    B、against
    C、on
    D、under

2、Which of the following descriptions cannot show the tranquility of the place?
    A、The motion of the engines had ceased.
    B、The puffing of the escaping steam was stilled.
    C、In a forest at night one can hear the piping of frogs.
    D、A pretty quarter of the moon threw a pleasant light over forest and river.

3、Which of the following descriptions is not related to the thunderstorm?
    A、The wind blew.
    B、The windows rattled.
    C、The sun rose.
    D、The rain swept along the roof in pelting sheets.

4、All shades of red, from a golden _________ (bright red) to a rich crimson, glowed and met his eyes under a darkness of leaves.
    A、vermilion
    B、dark red
    C、dull red
    D、deep red

5、Which colour cannot be used to describe the sky colour?
    A、sapphire
    B、emerald
    C、blue
    D、azure

6、Somewhere near was the _______ (the pleasant low sound of water moving along gently) and trickle of water.
    A、bubble
    B、gurgle
    C、splash
    D、crack

7、The wind blew in a low hum, making the trees shift and _______ (make a noise as they rub against each other) eerily as if there were shadows waiting in the darkness
    A、rat-rat
    B、clank
    C、rustle
    D、clang

8、Choose the best verb for the following personification. Sad grey buildings _______ together at the intersection of two roads gradually thinning along both roads into separate houses, then scattered farms, and then nothing.
    A、gather
    B、huddle
    C、are put
    D、stand

9、Choose the best verb for the following personification. The tree was pulled down, and the birds ________ over its dead body.
    A、lamented
    B、cried
    C、stood
    D、flew

10、Choose the best verb for the following personification. The sun ______ and the night ______ apace.
    A、went down, came
    B、went down, crept
    C、sank,crept
    D、sank, came

5 Design a well-knitted plot (1) 设计情节（1）

第5单元测试

1、Charles is Laurie’s classmate at kindergarten.

2、The teacher punished Laurie at kindergarten because he was fresh.

3、At first, Laurie’s father did not worry about Charles’ influence on his son.

4、Finally, Laurie’s mother met Charles’ mother at the PTA meeting.

5、Charles talks about Laurie a lot because he wants to attract his parents’ attention.

6 Design a well-knitted plot (2) 设计情节（2）

Unit 6 Designing a well-knitted plot

1、From Something Not Food, there are phrases like “throw a desperate look at her”, “sleepless nights”, “lurking papers”, and “looming finals”. They are examples of a figure of speech in which a modifier is transferred from the appropriate noun to modify another to which it does not really belong, such as: “the condemned cell”, “a happy day”. Please choose an appropriate adjective to fill in the following blank. He , wondering what was suitable for him.
    A、raised an enquring eyebrow
    B、raised a happy eyebrow
    C、raised a smiling eyebrow
    D、raised an angry eyebrow

2、 She __________________________.
    A、raised a mischievous eyebrow
    B、raised an enquiring eyebrow
    C、raised a smiling eyebrow
    D、raised an angry eyebrow

3、In Something Not Food, Laura said, “That would be an attention grabber.” “Grabber” has the focus on its action instead of on its noun property. It means “That would grab someone’s attention.” The use of action nouns enriches the variety. Please choose the best version in the following sentences.
    A、John reads a lot of books, from Socrates to Maugham.
    B、John is a big reader, from Socrates to Maugham.
    C、John loves reading, from Socrates to Maugham.
    D、John reads many books, from Socrates to Maugham.

4、Please choose the best version in the following sentences.
    A、I neither learned fast nor was good at taking tests.
    B、I couldn’t learn fast. Nor was I good at taking tests.
    C、I was neither a fast learner nor a good test taker.
    D、I couldn't learn fast. I was not good at taking tests, neither.

5、Please choose the best version in the following sentences.
    A、These guys are always clock watchers for the end of a day’s work.
    B、These guys always watch the clock for the end of a day’s work.
    C、These guys like watching the clock for the end of a day’s work.
    D、These guys are looking forward to the end of a day’s work.

6、Please choose the best version in the following sentences.
    A、Old as she is, she likes walking very much, ten miles a day in the countryside.
    B、Though she is old, she likes walking very much, ten miles a day in the countryside.
    C、Old as she is, she enjoys walking very much, ten miles a day in the countryside.
    D、Old as she is, she is a big walker, ten miles a day in the countryside.

7、In which part of the story can we create suspense? Choose the ones that are applicable.
    A、In the title
    B、In the plot
    C、In the characters
    D、In the setting

8、What information in the following text can be delayed to create suspense? One morning, a man took his gun and went into the forest for deer-hunting. After one hour’s search, he saw a deer with very big horns and fired at it. The deer fell just where it stood. He ran over to examine it and said to himself, “This deer’s horns will make a wonderful rack for my guns when I get it home.” He then arranged his gun in the deer’s horns and stepped back a few yards to see exatly how they would look as a gun rack on the wall of his study. He was just admiring the effect when the deer suddenly jumped up, shook itself, and raced away, carrying his gun firmly stuck in its horns. The man had to run after it. Two other hunters passed by and felt very surprised to see a man following a deer’s track in the snow without a gun.They stopped him and asked him whether anything was wrong and whether they could help him. The man sat down beside them and told them his story.
    A、From “One morning,…” till “’This deer’s horns will make a wonderful rack for my guns when I get it home.’”
    B、He then arranged his gun in the deer’s horns and stepped back a few yards to see exatly how they would look as a gun rack on the wall of his study.
    C、“He was just admiring the effect when the deer suddenly jumped up, shook itself, and raced away, carrying his gun firmly stuck in its horns. The man had to run after it.”
    D、“They stopped him and asked him whether anything was wrong and whether they could help him.”

9、What message in the following text can be delayed to create suspense? It was my girlfriend’s birthday. Early in the morning I told her that I forgot to prepare her birthday gift and would give it to her the next day. She was disappointed but still happy. Then I just gave her a piece of chocolate and told her that I wouldn’t go home with her after school. In fact I decided to give her a CD later. At 5:15 pm I left school a bit earlier than usual, and hurried to catch the bus which my girlfriend would take at the next stop every day. Bus 242 came and I got onto it. It was the very bus I was sure that she would get on at the next stop. I sat quietly at the back of the bus so that she could not see me so easily. The bus stopped and she got on. She stood at the back door. I walked toward her quietly and gave her a great surprise with the CD she had always dreamed of.
    A、The identity of my girlfriend
    B、The bus number
    C、The day being her birthday
    D、What gift it was

10、What can serve as the stimulus to trigger the flashback?
    A、An old song
    B、An odour
    C、A similar experience
    D、A familar figure

7 Build characters 描写人物

第7单元测试

1、The narrator does not work in the office as a regular working Jane as she was five years ago.

2、The narrator did not expect someone would offer her a seat on the bus that day even though she still felt weak from illness.

3、It is suggested by the narrator we should value those simple things in our daily life which we might consider to be mundane.

4、The middle-aged woman cried on the bus because she had lost all her money.

5、The bus conductor is the person who has the spirit of chivalry and impresses the narrator to believe chivalry has not gone out of fashion.

第7单元测试2

1、Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank. The evening wears on and we all ___________ impatiently. (to walk without lifting the feet properly off the ground)
    A、shuffle
    B、stagger
    C、mince
    D、struct

2、Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank. He was ______________ and had to lean on the bar. ( walk very unsteadily, for example, because one is ill or drunk)
    A、shuffling
    B、staggering
    C、mincing
    D、structing

3、Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank. She __________ in, with heavy make-up. (to walk with quick and small steps)
    A、shuffled
    B、staggered
    C、minced
    D、structed

4、Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank. He __________ around town like he owns the place. (to walk in a proud way, with the head held high and the chest out, as if one is very important)
    A、shuffles
    B、staggers
    C、minces
    D、structs

5、Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank. I __________ over to her bed and gave her a nudge. (to walk very quietly without putting the heels on the floor)
    A、tiptoed
    B、limped
    C、strode
    D、ducked

8 Construct a setting 设置情境

第八单元测试

1、What are the two basic elements in setting?
    A、Characters and plot
    B、Time and place
    C、Plot and place
    D、Time and characters

2、Which of the following descriptions is NOT related to sun rise?
    A、A flush came into the sky.
    B、The wan moon, half-way down the west, sank into insignificance.
    C、Quickly the fire spread among the clouds and scattered them. Crimson burned to orange, orange to dull gold, and in a golden glitter the sun came up.
    D、From the hill-top, on pitch-dark nights, he looked round on the villages five or six miles away, that shone like swarms of glittering living things.

3、What do you think of the emotion shown in the previous sunset description?
    A、Fury
    B、Sad
    C、Appreciative
    D、Fear

4、What time of the day is being described in the following paragraph? It came on, --- calm, unmoved, and glorious, shining down with her innumerable and solemn angel eyes, twinkling, beautiful, but silent. There was no speech nor language, no pitying voice or helping hand, from that distant sky. One after another, the voices of business or pleasure died away; all on the boat were sleeping, and the ripples at the prow were plainly heard.
    A、Night
    B、Noon
    C、Afternoon
    D、Evening

5、Where does the story take place according to the following description? The captain lifts his hand, a bell rings, the wheels stop; then they turn back, churning the water to foam, and the steamer is at rest. Then such a scramble as there is to get aboard, and get ashore…
    A、In a plane
    B、On a train
    C、On a boat
    D、On the underground

6、Who do you think might be the owner of the boat? The boat was a grand affair. There was a sumptuous glass temple, room enough to have a dance in; showy red and gold window-curtains; an imposing sofa, leather cushions and a back to the high bench where visiting pilots sit, to spin yarns and “look at the river”; bright, fanciful “cuspidors” instead of a broad wooden box filled with saw-dust.
    A、A fisherman
    B、A rich businessman
    C、A Pope
    D、A headmaster

7、Please find the best verbs to fill in the blanks. The trains _____ by like projectiles level on the darkness, fuming and burning, making the valley _______ with their passage.
    A、cried, bomb
    B、ran, clang
    C、walked, bump
    D、roared, clang

8、Over the big desolate space of the market place the blue sky ______________ (shines with a faint, unsteady light).
    A、floated
    B、smiled
    C、trembled
    D、shimmered

9、Just where the horse trams _________ (moves there slowly, often with difficulty or an irregular movement) across the market was a row of fruit stalls.
    A、inched
    B、trundled
    C、crept
    D、moved

10、Can you choose the most appropriate words to describe sounds in the following description? Countrymen, butchers, drovers, hawkers, boys, thieves, idlers and vagabonds of every low grade, were mingled together in a dense mass; the _______ of drovers, the _______ of dogs, the __________ and plunging of oxen, the _________ of sheep, the _________ and squeaking of pigs…
    A、whistling, barking, bleating, bellowing, grunting
    B、whistling, barking, bellowing, bleating, grunting
    C、bellowing, barking, bleating, grunting, whistling
    D、whistling, bellowing, bleating, barking, grunting

9 Think like a writer 像作家一样思考

第9单元测试

1、It can be beneficial for a writer to take inspiration from their own life.

2、Writers should always begin far away from the main event of their story.

3、It is unwise for a writer to begin a story with an important event already happening.

4、A short story should be focused around only the most important, emotionally significant events possible.

5、“Summary” shows characters doing a specific thing, in a specific time and place.

6、The purpose of summary is to condense large amounts of information into a small space.

7、Even summary should still be specific.

8、Modern novels tend to use the largest amount of summary possible.

9、In a scene, events are described specifically as they happen.

10、Often, a writer’s most important task is choosing what “not” to include.

10 Literary style 文学风格

第10单元测试

1、It is beneficial for writers to show as much as possible, rather than tell.

2、It is unnecessary for writers to care about using specific details.

3、Writers should describe everything in the largest amount of detail possible.

4、Using the right verb can make a piece of writing much more powerful.

5、When searching for the right details, it can often be useful to focus on things the characters being written about would notice.

6、Before showing a character in action, writers should always begin with a long description of their backstory.

7、In active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action.

8、Sentences in active voice will often include more words than sentences in passive voice.

9、A writer’s choice of verb does not have a significant effect on the feeling of a sentence.

10、Carefully choice of verbs allows a writer to show actions more specifically.

11 Design richer narratives设计丰富的叙述

第11单元测试

1、Important characters in your story should have distinct, interesting personalities.

2、Plot is the only important part of storytelling.

3、Good characterization helps readers become emotionally connected to characters in the story.

4、Writers shoulder be careful to give only good characteristics to their protagonists.

5、It is impossible for the villain of a story to have a well-defined personality and understandable human motivations.

6、Conflict happens when two people want different things.

7、Overt aggression isn’t the only way of showing conflict.

8、Real life is useful for understanding the complexity of actual conflict between people.

9、Authors should always portray characters they dislike negatively.

10、Having constant changes in the status of the conflict will make the story more interesting.

12 After your story is done故事完结后

第12单元测试

1、Good writers are good editors.

2、Many student writers don’t know the importance of editing.

3、The first draft of a story is often the best.

4、Editing can help writers to more concisely show important details in a story.

5、It is wise to give your partner thoughts on your story before they’ve read it.

6、Very few writers produce perfect work in the first draft.

7、It is impossible for an editor to entirely control reader’s interpretations of their story.

8、Readers never focus on elements of a story the author didn’t notice or think was important.

9、Reading extensively can help authors develop their skills and understanding of storytelling.

10、Reading is a useful tool to gain a more complicated understanding of the world.

13 Present an idea 提出论点

第13单元测试

1、Facts are statements that hold constant and verifiable truth at a certain time point.

2、Opinions are statements that reflect our ideas or attitudes about the subject being talked about.

3、Arguments are statements of reasoning leading up to a conclusion.

4、“Bananas are good for your health.” This is an argument.

5、“Today is Friday.” This is an opinion.

6、For an inductive argument, if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

7、For a deductive argument, if the premises are true, the conclusion is more or less likely to be true.

8、A deductive argument features certainty, and an inductive argument features probability.

9、“Xiao Ming is Chinese, and most Chinese eat fish. Therefore, Xiao Ming eats fish.” This is a deductive argument.

10、“Jack and Mary always hang out on Sundays. Today is Sunday. Jack and Mary are hanging out.” This is a deductive argument.

14 Organize a point of view 组织论点

第14单元测试

1、The basic three-part structure of argumentative writing includes introduction, body and conclusion.

2、The introduction includes a hook and a thesis statement.

3、The body paragraphs usually have three parts: topic sentence, support and wrap-up.

4、The conclusion has two parts: response to the thesis and so-what.

5、Wrap-up is mandatory in a body paragraph.

6、Quotation is one typical hook to open an argumentative essay.

7、Calling for future actions is one typical hook to open an argumentative essay.

8、Setting a scene is one typical hook to open an argumentative essay.

9、In the conclusion paragraph, we may restate the thesis statement in the opening paragraph;

10、In the conclusion paragraph, we may address possible opposing viewpoints.

15 Highlight an argument 突出论证

第15单元测试

1、Which of the following is an argumentative thesis?
    A、Tigers live in forests.
    B、There are more tigers held in zoos than there are in the wild.
    C、Tigers should not be kept in zoos because captivity affects their psychological and physical well-being.
    D、Should tigers be kept in zoos?

2、Which of the following is the strongest argumentative thesis?
    A、Genetically modified foods have become a major concern of the society and have caused great controversy.
    B、While there may be economic benefits of growing genetically modified crops, there are negative health consequences for the people who consume them and for the farmers who produce them.
    C、This essay will discuss the health and safety issues as related to genetically modified foods.
    D、GM foods need to be tested on a case-by-case basis before introduction.

3、Select the best revised thesis statement based upon the original one. In this paper, I will explore the topic of gaming in education.
    A、Gaming in education is interesting.
    B、This essay will explore the values of gaming in education and call for its wide application.
    C、As a new generation of students enters college, it is time for eductors to use gaming to appeal to students and make learning more engaging.
    D、/

4、Read the paragraph below. Find the topic sentence: a) Learning a second language can provide a deeper understanding a foreign culture. b) Social habits that may not make sense to most outsiders might start to make more sense after a few vocabulary lessons. c) For example, I always wondered why my Dutch cousins rarely said “you’re welcome” after I said “thank you”. d) My cousin can speak English but sometimes makes mistakes. e)At first I thought he was being rude, but when I learned more about his language I realized that they don’t use “you’re welcome” the same way we do: in response to “thank you”. f) They actually say something that translates to “if you please” when they offer you something. g) This is one of the first things I learned about Dutch culture when I started to learn their language and it gave me a different perspective on the roles of the host and guest, since in Dutch the onus to be polite is on the host, and not the guest as it seems to be in English.
    A、Learning a second language can provide a deeper understanding a foreign culture.
    B、Social habits that may not make sense to most outsiders might start to make more sense after a few vocabulary lessons.
    C、For example, I always wondered why my Dutch cousins rarely said “you’re welcome” after I said “thank you”.
    D、My cousin can speak English but sometimes makes mistakes.
    E、At first I thought he was being rude, but when I learned more about his language I realized that they don’t use “you’re welcome” the same way we do: in response to “thank you”.
    F、They actually say something that translates to “if you please” when they offer you something.
    G、This is one of the first things I learned about Dutch culture when I started to learn their language and it gave me a different perspective on the roles of the host and guest, since in Dutch the onus to be polite is on the host, and not the guest as it seems to be in English.

5、Read the paragraph below. Find the irrelevant sentence. a) Learning a second language can provide a deeper understanding a foreign culture. b) Social habits that may not make sense to most outsiders might start to make more sense after a few vocabulary lessons. c) For example, I always wondered why my Dutch cousins rarely said “you’re welcome” after I said “thank you”. d) My cousin can speak English but sometimes makes mistakes. e)At first I thought he was being rude, but when I learned more about his language I realized that they don’t use “you’re welcome” the same way we do: in response to “thank you”. f) They actually say something that translates to “if you please” when they offer you something. g) This is one of the first things I learned about Dutch culture when I started to learn their language and it gave me a different perspective on the roles of the host and guest, since in Dutch the onus to be polite is on the host, and not the guest as it seems to be in English.
    A、Learning a second language can provide a deeper understanding a foreign culture.
    B、Social habits that may not make sense to most outsiders might start to make more sense after a few vocabulary lessons.
    C、For example, I always wondered why my Dutch cousins rarely said “you’re welcome” after I said “thank you”.
    D、My cousin can speak English but sometimes makes mistakes.
    E、At first I thought he was being rude, but when I learned more about his language I realized that they don’t use “you’re welcome” the same way we do: in response to “thank you”.
    F、They actually say something that translates to “if you please” when they offer you something.
    G、This is one of the first things I learned about Dutch culture when I started to learn their language and it gave me a different perspective on the roles of the host and guest, since in Dutch the onus to be polite is on the host, and not the guest as it seems to be in English.

6、Choose the best topic sentence for the following paragraph. ____________. For example, a person can have breakfast in New York, board an airplane, and have dinner in Paris. A businesswoman in London can instantly place an order with a factory in Hong Kong by sending a fax. Furthermore, a schoolboy in Tokyo can turn on a TV and watch a baseball game being played in Los Angeles.
    A、Technology has made people’s life more convenient.
    B、Advances in technology have made the world smaller.
    C、Technology has enriched people’s life.
    D、/

7、Choose the appropriate conjunct to complete the sentence. John has a talent as a dancer; ________ he is a successful singer.
    A、owing to
    B、now that
    C、moreover
    D、in addition to

8、Choose the appropriate conjunct to complete the sentence. A firm might sometimes sell at a loss to drive a competitor out of business, and _________ increase its market power.
    A、despite
    B、as a consequence
    C、thereby
    D、in order to

9、Choose the appropriate conjunct to complete the sentence. Some of the studies show positive results, _________ others do not.
    A、whereas
    B、on the other hand
    C、on the contrary
    D、whenever

10、Tick (√)the correct inforamtion about topic sentences. A topic sentence is:
    A、at or near the start of the paragraph.
    B、at the end of the paragraph.
    C、the main idea of the paragraph.
    D、the main idea of the whole essay.
    E、made up of fatual details.
    F、made up of a topic and the writer’s assertion.

17 Use evidence使用证据

第17单元测试

1、Please identify what type of evidence is used: The scene was entirely out of control. I was standing only ten feet away from the President, who was walking through the crowds on the sidewalk of Jefferson Ave., when the incident occurred. Before I knew what was happening, a tall man, wearing a ski mask and a dark leather jacket, ran up beside the President, took out what seemed to be an Uzi, and fired three rounds into his skull. Immediately all hell broke loose; people were scurrying everywhere, looking for shelter.
    A、Statistics
    B、Analogy
    C、Eyewitness
    D、Textual evidence

2、Please identify what type of evidence is used: Not only are non-English-speaking students in English-only schools unable to understand the information they are supposed to be learning, but also they are subject to frequent embarrassment and teasing from their classmates. Without the use of Spanish, unable to communicate with the teacher or students, for six weeks we guessed at everything we did. When we lined up to go anywhere, neither my sister nor I knew what to expect. Once, the teacher took the class on a bathroom break, and I mistakenly thought we were on our way to the cafeteria for lunch. Before we left, I grabbed our lunch money, and one of the girls in line began sneering and pointing. Somehow she figured out my mistake before I did. When I realized why she was laughing, I became embarrassed and threw the money into my sister’s desk as we walked out the classroom.
    A、Textual evidence
    B、An anecdote
    C、Statistics
    D、Analogy

3、Please identify what type of evidence is used: Harold McConnel, who has been working with and designing railroad tracks for the past three decades, after examining the scene of the accident at the train station, came to the conclusion that someone had tampered with the track and had bent it out of shape. This, in turn, led to the collision of the two passenger trains on Wednesday.
    A、Expert testimony
    B、Eyewitness testimony
    C、An anecdote
    D、Statistics

4、Please identify what type of evidence is used: Every Tuesday and Friday evening sees Miss Li, my neighbor and a secretary of a company, rush home after a busy day’s work, gulp down her meal, and then hurry out to catch the bus for her English class. Miss Li’s case is not unique, and now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college.
    A、Eyewitness testimony
    B、Expert testimony
    C、An example
    D、Analogy

5、Please identify what type of evidence is used: According to the school’s policy, students with disability are exempted from the PE tests. Therefore, the attempt to make physical performance a prerequisite for academic diplomas is unfair to disabled students.
    A、Textual evidence
    B、Expert testimony
    C、Analogy
    D、Statistics

6、Please choose one appropriate expression for illustration: Some animals can migrate to cooler areas. ___________ is the bird, which can move easily.
    A、For example
    B、Let's say
    C、A case in point
    D、Such as

7、Please choose one appropriate expression for illustration: My plants, __________trees, will find it difficult to move to wetter regions in the north.
    A、by way of illustration
    B、as an illustration
    C、for example
    D、such as

8、Please choose one appropriate expression for illustration: When you do not pay attention, you bump into tables, chairs, doorways, __________.
    A、you name it
    B、let's say
    C、case
    D、to illustrate

9、Please identify the logical fallacy: My classmate says her college history class is difficult. It happens that mine is also difficult. Then all college history classes are hard to learn.
    A、Personal attack
    B、False analogy
    C、Hasty generalization
    D、Red herring

10、Please identify the logical fallacy: “You may think that he cheated on the test, but look at the poor little thing! How would he feel if you made him sit it again?”
    A、Begging the question
    B、Personal attack
    C、Bandwagon appeal
    D、Red herring

18 Cause-effect relationship因果关系

第18单元测试

1、In the following sentence, which is the ultimate cause? Sally prepared extensively for a meeting with an important client, impressed the client, and therefore made a very large sale.
    A、Impressing the client
    B、Making a very large sale
    C、Preparing extensively for a meeting with an important client
    D、Meeting with an important client

2、What rhetorical mode is adopted in the following paragraph? Online computer services are having the effect of changing how the world communicates. No longer do people have to go to their local libraries to find reading materials; online services can connect users to a blinding array of reading possibilities. One result is that people can now peek into library holdings all around the world. Encyclopedias don’t need to take up shelf space: They can be found online, just like newspapers and magazine articles. The abbreviated language that has developed around email is changing language itself, thereby making the information superhighway an entirely separate method of communicating, different from standard talking or writing. Consequently, new standards of literacy are popping up as well: Can you read what’s on the Internet?
    A、Cause
    B、Effect
    C、Comparison
    D、Contrast

3、Overeating, which has become a national pastime for millions of Americans, has several roots. For example, parents who are concerned by whether their children get enough to eat during the growing years to overfeed them and thereby establish an overeating habit in their lifetime. The child who is constantly praised for cleaning his plate experiences a sort of gratification later on as he cleans all too many plates. The easy availability of so much food is a constant temptation for many people, especially the types of food served at fast food restaurants and merchandised in the frozen food departments of supermarkets. But many people don’t need temptation from the outside; their overeating arises from such psychological factors as nervousness, boredom, loneliness, insecurity, an overall discontent with life, or an aversion to exercise. Thus, overeating can actually be a symptom of psychological surrender to or withdrawal from, the complexities and competition of modern life.
    A、Cause
    B、Effect
    C、Comparison
    D、Contrast

4、Can you choose the appropriate effect for the following statement? Prescription drug abuse is a possible cause of ___________________.
    A、better immune systems
    B、prolonged illness
    C、poor immunity against diseases
    D、longer life

5、Can you choose the appropriate cause for the following statement? Women tend to live longer than men owing to ___________________.
    A、better immune systems
    B、prolonged illness
    C、poor immunity against diseases
    D、longer life

6、Which expression indicates the immediate effect?
    A、as a result
    B、hence
    C、accordingly
    D、therefore

7、Choose an appropriate expression to fill in the blank. The treatment is delayed. _________ his gets the illness prolonged.
    A、Hence
    B、Accordingly
    C、Therefore
    D、As a result

8、Choose an appropriate expression to fill in the blank. Two out of five ACET clients in Scotland are women and ________ we anticipate an increase in the number of children needing care.
    A、as a result
    B、therefore
    C、consequently
    D、thus

9、What fallacy is found in the following statements? After Elvis Presley’s death, oil prices in the United States rose precipitously. Presley caused the gas prices to skyrocket.
    A、Slippery slope
    B、Begging the question
    C、Post hoc
    D、Red herring

10、What fallacy is found in the following statements? I can’t be guilty of embezzlement; I’m an honest person.
    A、Slippery slope
    B、Begging the question
    C、Post hoc
    D、Red herring

19 Comparison and contrast 比较和对比

第19单元测试

1、A comparison and contrast paragraph or essay can be organized by either a block method or a slice method. What method is used in the following paragraph? My hometown and my college town have several things in common. First, my hometown is a small town. It has a population of only about 10,000 people. Located in a rural area, it is surrounded by farmland which is mainly for growing corn and soybeans. As for my college town, it is small too, having a population of about 11,000 local residents. Like my hometown, it lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle.
    A、Block method
    B、Slice method
    C、/
    D、/

2、A comparison and contrast paragraph or essay can be organized by either a block method or a slice method. What method is used in the following paragraph? Boston and Detroit are completely different cities. One difference is that Boston is small in that its mero area has about 1 million people, while Detroit is large with its metro area having about 4 million people. Another difference is that Boston is old with its history dating back to the colonial period, whereas Detroit is young and mostly a twentieth century city. Their third difference lies in culture. Boston has a quaint and sophisticated culture well-known for ballet, symphony, and museums; in contrast, Detroit boasts a raw and urban culture known for Motown music.
    A、Block method
    B、Slice method
    C、/
    D、/

3、Choose the appropriate expression to complete the sentence below. Japanese-style conversation, __________, is not at all like tennis or volleyball. It is like bowling. You wait your turn.
    A、like
    B、however
    C、in the same way
    D、similar to

4、Choose the appropriate expression to complete the sentence below. Many women feel it natural to consult with their partners at every turn, ___________ many men automatically make many decisions without consulting with their partners.
    A、instead of
    B、in contrast to
    C、yet
    D、like

5、Choose the appropriate expression to complete the sentence below. The Road Runner is rather expensive to maintain. The Speed Demon, _______________, is quite economical.
    A、contrarily
    B、unlike
    C、similarly
    D、likewise

6、Choose the appropriate expression to complete the sentence below. ____________ paying $1,400 per year to keep the car running, the owner of a Speed Demon only has to pay $ 600, which is significantly less.
    A、One difference
    B、Like
    C、In the same way
    D、Instead of

7、_______________ between my brothers is that one is short and small while the other looks like an American boxer.
    A、Rather than
    B、Instead of
    C、One difference
    D、While

8、_________________ my younger brother, my elder brother is more patient and always wears the smile of an ancient Chinese philosopher.
    A、Similar to
    B、On contrary to
    C、Similarly
    D、Rather than

9、Comparison and contrast is only used to inform.

10、The following statement about contrast is to argue. Gardening in an organic way is safer than using pesticides for pest control.

20 Rebuttal驳论

第20单元测试

1、In the situations below, which is regarded as a good argument?
    A、verifiable statements of fact
    B、issues of faith or belief
    C、arguable claims that reasonable people may disagree about
    D、matters of simple opinion or personal taste

2、In the following four statements, please choose an effective thesis statement.
    A、There are eight planets in the solar systems.
    B、Why should every college student be required to study a foreign language?
    C、The question of whether we need a national law governing the minimum age to drink alcohol is a controversial issue in many countries.
    D、Contrary to common sense, wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle increases the chances of injury, at least to adult riders.

3、In the following four statements, please choose an effective thesis statement.
    A、Nuclear power should be banned as an energy source in our country.
    B、I believe that it is possible that the increasing number of cars could have a negative influence on traffic.
    C、I don’t like to take courses that are held in big lecture classes at this school.
    D、High school athletes shouldn’t have to maintain a “B” or better grade-point average in every subject to participate in school sports, and the value of sports for some students is often overlooked.

4、In the following statements, choose one that is qualified appropriately.
    A、Television discourages communication. Families watching television do very little talking except for brief exchanges during commercials.
    B、Television discourages communication. Most families watching television do very little talking except for brief exchanges during commercials.
    C、Television discourages communication. Many families watching television do very little talking except for brief exchanges during commercials.
    D、Television discourages communication. Few families watching television do very little talking except for brief exchanges during commercials.

5、In the following statements, choose one that is qualified appropriately.
    A、Adolescence is the most extreme period in the life of an individual. Teenagers, due to the influence of hormone, get themselves in trouble.
    B、Adolescence could be the most extreme period in the life of an individual. Teenagers, due to the influence of hormone, get themselves in trouble.
    C、Adolescence might be the most extreme period in the life of an individual. Teenagers, due to the influence of hormone, get themselves in trouble.
    D、Adolescence is probably the most extreme period in the life of an individual. Teenagers, due to the possible influence of hormone, get themselves in trouble.

6、A logical fallacy is the breakdown of the logical thinking process. Please identify it in the statement below. Are we going to increase the number of mounted police in the park, or are we going to abandon it to the homeless, to the drug dealers, and to the robbers?
    A、Either-or
    B、Hasty generalization
    C、Bandwagon appeal
    D、Begging the question.

7、Please identify the logical fallacy in the statement below. My opponent doesn’t support handgun legislation because he is a coward who is interested more in his own safety than the well-being of defenseless women and children.
    A、Faulty authority
    B、Red herring
    C、Personal attack
    D、Post hoc

8、Please identify the logical fallacy in the statement below. My mathematics professor stated, “The teaching of history in this country has reached such a low ebb that students don’t have the minimum understanding of America’s past.”
    A、Slippery slope
    B、Faulty authority
    C、False analogy
    D、Either-or

9、The following argument involves acknowledging and refuting other viewpoints. Which part is the other viewpoint? Choose an appropriate answer. The probing of outer space has proved, and will still prove, crucial to us. As for the money spent on space programs, it is indeed enormous. But if we could stop all the wars on earth, there would be much more money than we could afford for the present and future space programs. All in all, the probing of outer space is one of the greatest missions man has ever set himself.
    A、The probing of outer space has proved, and will still prove, crucial to us.
    B、As for the money spent on space programs, it is indeed enormous.
    C、But if we could stop all the wars on earth, there would be much more money than we could afford for the present and future space programs.
    D、All in all, the probing of outer space is one of the greatest missions man has ever set himself.

10、The following argument involves acknowledging and refuting other viewpoints. Which part is the author’s refutation? Choose an appropriate answer. The probing of outer space has proved, and will still prove, crucial to us. As for the money spent on space programs, it is indeed enormous. But if we could stop all the wars on earth, there would be much more money than we could afford for the present and future space programs. All in all, the probing of outer space is one of the greatest missions man has ever set himself.
    A、The probing of outer space has proved, and will still prove, crucial to us.
    B、As for the money spent on space programs, it is indeed enormous.
    C、But if we could stop all the wars on earth, there would be much more money than we could afford for the present and future space programs.
    D、All in all, the probing of outer space is one of the greatest missions man has ever set himself.

16 Do closed-form writing规范式论说文写作

第16单元测试

1、Which of the following may NOT be used in argumentative essays to convince readers?
    A、Statistics
    B、Personal beliefs
    C、Personal experiences
    D、Logical reasoning

2、Which of the following arguments is against reality TV shows?
    A、Reality shows expose us to different perspectives and cultures.
    B、People on reality shows have fun experiences and meet new people.
    C、Talented people are discovered in reality shows.
    D、Some competitions are very difficult or even dangerous.

3、Select the supporting detail that doesn’t fit. Topic sentence: Animal testing is expensive.
    A、The prices of animals themselves can be exorbitant.
    B、Some drugs tested may never be used for anything useful.
    C、Animal testing may occur more than once and over the course of months.
    D、The feeding, housing, caring of animals as well as treatment with drugs all incur expenses.

4、Select the supporting detail that doesn’t fit. Topic sentence: Tourism promotes cross-cultural understanding and goodwill.
    A、Huge hotels and skyscrapers built for tourists have ruined areas of unspoilt beauty.
    B、Tourism can create civic pride by encouraging cultivation and sharing of local customs and cultures.
    C、Personal exchanges between hosts and guests can foster better cultural understanding.
    D、Open spaces and national parks are good for replenishing both body and soul.

5、Which supporting detail best supports this topic sentence? Jessica is qualified for the job because she has the leadership.
    A、She has donated money to help poor kids in rural areas.
    B、She works for over ten hours every day.
    C、She likes to socialize with different people.
    D、Her strategies and decisions have helped the company through the financial crisis.

6、a) Early childhood education programs provide cognitive benefits well beyond preschool. b) Recent studies that compare student test scores show that children who are exposed to structured learning activities outside the home environment are better able to adapt to formalized instruction in grades kindergarten through third grade than children who remain at home. c) This is particularly true among children from low-income families and children whose parents have a limited proficiency in English. d) Children living in states that do not provide early childhood programs, on the other hand, lag behind their peers. e) State and local governments must continue to bridge the achievement gap so that students may reach their full potential at an early age. Which sentence(s) give(s) illustration? ___________
    A、a) Early childhood education programs provide cognitive benefits well beyond preschool.
    B、b) Recent studies that compare student test scores show that children who are exposed to structured learning activities outside the home environment are better able to adapt to formalized instruction in grades kindergarten through third grade than children who remain at home.
    C、c) This is particularly true among children from low-income families and children whose parents have a limited proficiency in English.
    D、d) Children living in states that do not provide early childhood programs, on the other hand, lag behind their peers.
    E、e) State and local governments must continue to bridge the achievement gap so that students may reach their full potential at an early age.

7、In the following extract on the effect of television on children’s health, which sentence(s) serve(s) as warrant?
    A、TV is a bad influence on kids, because children who watch more TV are more likely to be overweight.
    B、For example, researchers Klesges, Shelton, and Klesges found that while watching television, the metabolic rate is slower than when just resting.
    C、This implies that an individual would burn fewer calories watching TV than when simply sitting silently, doing nothing.
    D、In addition, numerous TV ads encourage unhealthy consumption habits.
    E、Two-thirds of the 20,000 television ads a normal kid sees every year are for food, and most are for high-sugar foods.
    F、After-school television ads target youngsters with ads for unhealthy foods and beverages, such as fast food and sugary drinks.
    G、This evidence shows that kids who watch more TV are more likely to be overweight.

8、Which pieces of the evidence below are relevant to the essay topic on the economic effects of tobacco use?
    A、UNICEF estimates that over 200 million children aged under 5 years in low income countries are malnourished, and the malnutrition contributes to about 6 million deaths among these children each year.
    B、The total domestic output arising from the activities of the tobacco industry was valued at $8 billion.
    C、Analysis of US expenditure data show that the average US smoker spends over $700 a year on tobacco products, which for the average US family comprises a large proportion of discretionary spending.
    D、Crop substitution is often proposed as a means to reduce the tobacco supply, but there is scarcely any evidence that it reduces consumption, since the incentives to farmers to grow tobacco are currently much greater than for most other crops.

9、Choose TWO supporting sentences for this topic sentence: Passing on breakfast is anything but productive, especially for teenagers.
    A、Skipping breakfast leads to weight gain.
    B、Kids who skip breakfast become distracted easily in class.
    C、Eating breakfast may enhance one’s memory.
    D、Breakfast tastes great.

10、Read the following paragraph. a) Early childhood education programs provide cognitive benefits well beyond preschool. b) Recent studies that compare student test scores show that children who are exposed to structured learning activities outside the home environment are better able to adapt to formalized instruction in grades kindergarten through third grade than children who remain at home. c) This is particularly true among children from low-income families and children whose parents have a limited proficiency in English. d) Children living in states that do not provide early childhood programs, on the other hand, lag behind their peers. e) State and local governments must continue to bridge the achievement gap so that students may reach their full potential at an early age. Which sentence (s) offer(s) expansion and explanation? ___________
    A、Early childhood education programs provide cognitive benefits well beyond preschool.
    B、Recent studies that compare student test scores show that children who are exposed to structured learning activities outside the home environment are better able to adapt to formalized instruction in grades kindergarten through third grade than children who remain at home.
    C、This is particularly true among children from low-income families and children whose parents have a limited proficiency in English.
    D、Children living in states that do not provide early childhood programs, on the other hand, lag behind their peers.
    E、State and local governments must continue to bridge the achievement gap so that students may reach their full potential at an early age.