Introduction to Safe Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine - 中国大学mooc
Chapter 2-1 History of CHM safe use theories & pharmacovigilance ideas
Quiz 1: The theory of toxicity of Chinese Herbal Medicine
1、The narrow conception of toxicity in Chinese Herbal Medicine is:
A、The general names of Chinese herbs
B、The tendency of Chinese herbs
C、The intensity of Chinese herbs
D、The poisonous property of Chinese herbs
2、What are the main factors that can impact the safe use of Chinese Herbal Medicine? (Choose all the answers that apply)
A、The components of Chinese herbs
B、The patients’ health status
C、The ways that herbs are used
D、The weather condition
3、Is Shennong Bencao Jing (The Classic of Herbal Medicine ) considered as the first Chinese pharmacy monograph?
4、Is Xinxiu Bencao (Newly Revised Canon of Materia Medica) considered as the first pharmacopoeia in China and even in the world?
5、Certain Saponin in Renshen (Panax ginseng) can damage the red blood cell membrane and induce hemolysis. So, the whole ginseng can also cause hemolysis.
Chapter 3-1 What are CHM ADRs/ADEs?
Quiz 2： The concepts of pharmacovigilance and ADRs/ADEs etc.
1、What are Serious Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Results in death
B、Requires hospital admission or prolongation of existing hospital stay
C、Results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity
D、Life threatening
E、Results in some rashes in the skin
2、What kinds science and activities relating to the adverse effects or any other drug-related problem are defined as Pharmacovigilance (PV)? choose all that apply
A、Detection
B、Assessment
C、Understanding
D、Prevention
3、What are Serious Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Results in death, or life threatening
B、Requires hospital admission or prolongation of existing hospital stay
C、Results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity
D、Results in some rashes in the skin
4、Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR): A response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for modification of physiological function.
5、Drug-induced diseases are adverse effects of drugs on different organs or parts of the body.
6、Adverse Drug Event (ADE): Any untoward occurrence that may present during treatment with a pharmaceutical product but that does necessarily have a causal relation to the treatment.
Chapter 3-2 How to identify the ADRs/ADEs of CHM?
3.0 Medication consultation case for the practice of ADR identification随堂测验
1、Is her diarrhea caused by the herbal prescription. Using the five-tier causality framework to identify the relationship between the unintended diarrhea and the medications. ①Did the adverse event appear after the suspected drug was administered? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know”.
2、②Are there previous conclusive reports on this reaction? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
3、③Did the adverse reaction improve when the drug was discontinued? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
4、④Did the adverse event reappear when the drug was re‐administered? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
5、⑤Are there alternative causes (other than the drug) that could on their own have caused the reaction (such as the original disease, food)? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
6、The final Causality Categories. Please fill the blank with “Certain, Probable/Likely, Possible, Unlikely, Conditional/Unclassified, Unassessable/Unclassifiable)
Chapter 4 How to understand the CHM ADRs/ADEs?
Quiz 3: Classification and common manifestation of ADRs
1、What are Characteristics of type A Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Pharmacologically predictable
B、Related to dose
C、Low Mortality
D、High Prevalence/Morbidity
2、Type B reactions are related to the known pharmacological actions of a drug.
3、Type B reactions are less common than type A reactions, but they are often serious and associated with high mortality.
4、A teratogen is a medication, which can cause a birth defect.
5、Late adverse effects are symptoms that may appear weeks, months or years after treatment ends.
Chapter 5 Association factors of the CHM ADRs/ADEs(1)
Quiz 4: Factors affecting the development of ADRs
1、What is the sole target organ of Aristolochic Acid (a component in Guanmutong) toxicity?
A、Kidney
B、Liver
C、Brain
D、Spleen
E、Stomach
2、Medication related factors include: choose all that apply
A、Herbal storage condition
B、Herbal processing
C、Herbal ingredients
D、Medicinal species
3、Medication related factors include: choose all that apply
A、Age
B、Gender
C、Body status
D、Mental status
E、Allergy status
4、Age has a very critical impact on the occurrence of ADRs, both very young and very old patients are more vulnerable to these reactions than other age groups.
5、Pregnancy can affect the therapeutic and adverse reactions. Not only are women affected by the drug, but the fetus will also be exposed to ADRs of Chinese Herbal Medicine.
Chapter 5 Association factors of the CHM ADRs/ADEs(2)
Quiz 5: Factors affecting the development of ADRs-1
1、What is the main adverse reaction of long-term use of Guanmutong (Aristolochia manshuriensis Stem) ?
A、Kidney injury
B、Skin rash
C、Bleeding
D、Constipation
2、Over dose use of Ginseng might cause the follow reactions: choose all that apply
A、Subcutaneous hemorrhage
B、Hypertension
C、Excitement
D、Insomnia
3、Long-term or over dose use of Mahuang (Ephedra) for physical Performance enhancement may cause: choose all that apply
A、Hypertension
B、Dizziness
C、Palpitations
D、Diarrhea
4、In general, oral administration is the safest route, among intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, and anal injection.
5、Wumei (Smoked Plum), Wuweizi (Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit ) can be used with sulfonamides.
Chapter 6 Safety issues of commonly-used Chinese patent medicine (Ⅰ)
Quiz 6: Safety issues of commonly-used Chinese patent medicine (Chinese Herbal Injection)
1、Which is the first national monograph on on the preparation of Chinese patent medicine?
A、He Ji Ju Fang (Prescription of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary)
B、Huang Di Nei Jing (The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine)
C、Ben Cao Gang Mu (The Compendium of Materia Medica)
D、Xin Xiu Ben Cao (Newly Revised Canon of Materia Medica)
2、What is the most common adverse reaction of Chinese herbal injections ?
A、Kidney injury
B、Allergic reaction
C、Vomiting
D、Diarrhea
3、What factors that might influence the adverse reactions of Chinese Herbal Injections？
A、Over dose
B、Quality of injections
C、Patients’ status (allergic history)
D、Infusion rate
4、The first Chinese herbal injection in the world is (Chaihu Injection) Bupleurum Injection.
5、It would be better to use injections instead of oral medications, to use more kind of medications instead of less.
Quiz 1: The theory of toxicity of Chinese Herbal Medicine
1、The narrow conception of toxicity in Chinese Herbal Medicine is:
A、The general names of Chinese herbs
B、The tendency of Chinese herbs
C、The intensity of Chinese herbs
D、The poisonous property of Chinese herbs
2、What are the main factors that can impact the safe use of Chinese Herbal Medicine? (Choose all the answers that apply)
A、The components of Chinese herbs
B、The patients’ health status
C、The ways that herbs are used
D、The weather condition
3、Is Shennong Bencao Jing (The Classic of Herbal Medicine ) considered as the first Chinese pharmacy monograph?
4、Is Xinxiu Bencao (Newly Revised Canon of Materia Medica) considered as the first pharmacopoeia in China and even in the world?
5、Certain Saponin in Renshen (Panax ginseng) can damage the red blood cell membrane and induce hemolysis. So, the whole ginseng can also cause hemolysis.
Chapter 3-1 What are CHM ADRs/ADEs?
Quiz 2： The concepts of pharmacovigilance and ADRs/ADEs etc.
1、What are Serious Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Results in death
B、Requires hospital admission or prolongation of existing hospital stay
C、Results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity
D、Life threatening
E、Results in some rashes in the skin
2、What kinds science and activities relating to the adverse effects or any other drug-related problem are defined as Pharmacovigilance (PV)? choose all that apply
A、Detection
B、Assessment
C、Understanding
D、Prevention
3、What are Serious Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Results in death, or life threatening
B、Requires hospital admission or prolongation of existing hospital stay
C、Results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity
D、Results in some rashes in the skin
4、Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR): A response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for modification of physiological function.
5、Drug-induced diseases are adverse effects of drugs on different organs or parts of the body.
6、Adverse Drug Event (ADE): Any untoward occurrence that may present during treatment with a pharmaceutical product but that does necessarily have a causal relation to the treatment.
Chapter 3-2 How to identify the ADRs/ADEs of CHM?
3.0 Medication consultation case for the practice of ADR identification随堂测验
1、Is her diarrhea caused by the herbal prescription. Using the five-tier causality framework to identify the relationship between the unintended diarrhea and the medications. ①Did the adverse event appear after the suspected drug was administered? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know”.
2、②Are there previous conclusive reports on this reaction? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
3、③Did the adverse reaction improve when the drug was discontinued? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
4、④Did the adverse event reappear when the drug was re‐administered? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
5、⑤Are there alternative causes (other than the drug) that could on their own have caused the reaction (such as the original disease, food)? Please fill the blank with “Yes, No, Do Not Know, or unclear”.
6、The final Causality Categories. Please fill the blank with “Certain, Probable/Likely, Possible, Unlikely, Conditional/Unclassified, Unassessable/Unclassifiable)
Chapter 4 How to understand the CHM ADRs/ADEs?
Quiz 3: Classification and common manifestation of ADRs
1、What are Characteristics of type A Adverse Drug Reactions? choose all that apply
A、Pharmacologically predictable
B、Related to dose
C、Low Mortality
D、High Prevalence/Morbidity
2、Type B reactions are related to the known pharmacological actions of a drug.
3、Type B reactions are less common than type A reactions, but they are often serious and associated with high mortality.
4、A teratogen is a medication, which can cause a birth defect.
5、Late adverse effects are symptoms that may appear weeks, months or years after treatment ends.
Chapter 5 Association factors of the CHM ADRs/ADEs(1)
Quiz 4: Factors affecting the development of ADRs
1、What is the sole target organ of Aristolochic Acid (a component in Guanmutong) toxicity?
A、Kidney
B、Liver
C、Brain
D、Spleen
E、Stomach
2、Medication related factors include: choose all that apply
A、Herbal storage condition
B、Herbal processing
C、Herbal ingredients
D、Medicinal species
3、Medication related factors include: choose all that apply
A、Age
B、Gender
C、Body status
D、Mental status
E、Allergy status
4、Age has a very critical impact on the occurrence of ADRs, both very young and very old patients are more vulnerable to these reactions than other age groups.
5、Pregnancy can affect the therapeutic and adverse reactions. Not only are women affected by the drug, but the fetus will also be exposed to ADRs of Chinese Herbal Medicine.
Chapter 5 Association factors of the CHM ADRs/ADEs(2)
Quiz 5: Factors affecting the development of ADRs-1
1、What is the main adverse reaction of long-term use of Guanmutong (Aristolochia manshuriensis Stem) ?
A、Kidney injury
B、Skin rash
C、Bleeding
D、Constipation
2、Over dose use of Ginseng might cause the follow reactions: choose all that apply
A、Subcutaneous hemorrhage
B、Hypertension
C、Excitement
D、Insomnia
3、Long-term or over dose use of Mahuang (Ephedra) for physical Performance enhancement may cause: choose all that apply
A、Hypertension
B、Dizziness
C、Palpitations
D、Diarrhea
4、In general, oral administration is the safest route, among intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, and anal injection.
5、Wumei (Smoked Plum), Wuweizi (Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit ) can be used with sulfonamides.
Chapter 6 Safety issues of commonly-used Chinese patent medicine (Ⅰ)
Quiz 6: Safety issues of commonly-used Chinese patent medicine (Chinese Herbal Injection)
1、Which is the first national monograph on on the preparation of Chinese patent medicine?
A、He Ji Ju Fang (Prescription of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary)
B、Huang Di Nei Jing (The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine)
C、Ben Cao Gang Mu (The Compendium of Materia Medica)
D、Xin Xiu Ben Cao (Newly Revised Canon of Materia Medica)
2、What is the most common adverse reaction of Chinese herbal injections ?
A、Kidney injury
B、Allergic reaction
C、Vomiting
D、Diarrhea
3、What factors that might influence the adverse reactions of Chinese Herbal Injections？
A、Over dose
B、Quality of injections
C、Patients’ status (allergic history)
D、Infusion rate
4、The first Chinese herbal injection in the world is (Chaihu Injection) Bupleurum Injection.
5、It would be better to use injections instead of oral medications, to use more kind of medications instead of less.
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